# Minus One

Markdown copy of https://realalpha.app/shows/minus-one/ on Real Alpha, the best minutes from long interviews with the people building AI. Cite and link the page, not this copy.

[Best AI podcasts](https://realalpha.app/best/ai-podcasts/)

Lab and founder interviews · [No. 19 of 37 AI podcasts](https://realalpha.app/best/ai-podcasts/#minus-one)

Minus One is an interview show with the people building AI, hosted by Aditya Agarwal, with a new episode every two weeks.

6 moments cut from 2 episodes, 6 with an AI builder talking, mostly on robotics and training data.

- [Aditya Agarwal](https://realalpha.app/hosts/)

**New episodes**

Every two weeks

**Latest**

Oct 22, 2026

**Moments cut**

6

**Episodes cut**

2

What its moments are about

- Robotics 3
- Training data 3
- Self-driving 3
- Evals & benchmarks 3
- Reasoning & RL 2
- World models 1

## Best moments from Minus One

From its most-watched episodes, best first. Each plays right here.

1. Minus One · Oct 8, 2026 · 4 min
   **[Closed-loop validation requires a driver, simulator and critic](https://realalpha.app/s/closed-loop-validation-requires-a-driver-simulator-and/)**
   > “If open-loop imitation and open-loop evaluation and validation is insufficient, that means that closed-loop is required for validation”
   Minus One [18:13](https://realalpha.app/v/Ev2fta0vGJ4/?t=1093)
2. Minus One · Oct 22, 2026 · 7 min
   **[Reasoning and better annotations help robots generalize](https://realalpha.app/s/reasoning-and-better-annotations-help-robots-generalize/)**
   > “the biggest innovation for video models has been prompt expansion.”
   Minus One [13:03](https://realalpha.app/v/5X166Fead8o/?t=783)
3. Minus One · Oct 8, 2026 · 5 min
   **[Waymo’s moat is its system for improving the product](https://realalpha.app/s/waymos-moat-is-its-system-for-improving-the-product/)**
   > “it's much more about the machine for building the product as opposed to a snapshot of the product you have at any moment in time.”
   Minus One [25:11](https://realalpha.app/v/Ev2fta0vGJ4/?t=1511)
4. Minus One · Oct 22, 2026 · 7 min
   **[General-purpose robots can bootstrap their own data](https://realalpha.app/s/general-purpose-robots-can-bootstrap-their-own-data/)**
   > “The good thing about robots is that they are less specialized. Because, like, it seems counterintuitive.”
   Minus One [25:07](https://realalpha.app/v/5X166Fead8o/?t=1507)
5. Minus One · Oct 8, 2026 · 8 min
   **[Each additional safety nine demands more rigorous evaluation](https://realalpha.app/s/each-additional-safety-nine-demands-more-rigorous-evaluation/)**
   > “that allows us to repeatedly ask this question of, is the system ready and can we deploy?”
   Minus One [29:58](https://realalpha.app/v/Ev2fta0vGJ4/?t=1798)
6. Minus One · Oct 22, 2026 · 3 min
   **[Data strategy matters more than the world-model label](https://realalpha.app/s/data-strategy-matters-more-than-the-world-model-label/)**
   > “the most important thing for building foundation models paradoxically is not the model itself it's the data”
   Minus One [34:12](https://realalpha.app/v/5X166Fead8o/?t=2052)

## The best Minus One episodes

Ranked as our lists rank shows: a point for each best minute we cut from it, one more when an AI builder is talking, and one more when it cleared our views bar.

1. 01 [How Waymo Solved Self-Driving | Dmitri Dolgov, Co-CEO](https://realalpha.app/v/Ev2fta0vGJ4/) Oct 8, 2026 · 3 moments
2. 02 [How Close Are We to Robots That Can Do Anything? | Sergey Levine, Physical Intelligence](https://realalpha.app/v/5X166Fead8o/) Oct 22, 2026 · 3 moments

## The 2 guests we’ve cut

- [Sergey Levine](https://realalpha.app/builders/sergey-levine/) Co-founder, Physical Intelligence 8 moments
- [Dmitri Dolgov](https://realalpha.app/builders/dmitri-dolgov/) Co-CEO, Waymo 8 moments

## Recent episodes

- Minus One
  **[How Close Are We to Robots That Can Do Anything? | Sergey Levine, Physical Intelligence](https://realalpha.app/v/5X166Fead8o/)**
  Sergey Levine · Co-founder, Physical Intelligence
  [9:32](https://realalpha.app/v/5X166Fead8o/?t=572) of 42:24 · Oct 22
- Minus One
  **[How Waymo Solved Self-Driving | Dmitri Dolgov, Co-CEO](https://realalpha.app/v/Ev2fta0vGJ4/)**
  Dmitri Dolgov · Co-CEO, Waymo
  [15:00](https://realalpha.app/v/Ev2fta0vGJ4/?t=900) of 51:01 · Oct 8

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